How does fiber optic technology transmit data?

Fiber optic technology transmits data through glass fibers that move data via light. This process involves the use of thin strands of glass or plastic, known as optical fibers, which are capable of guiding light. When data is transmitted through fiber optics, it is converted into light signals, allowing the data to travel long distances with minimal loss of quality.

The principle behind this technology is total internal reflection, which occurs when light traveling through the fiber encounters the core-cladding boundary and reflects back into the core, effectively allowing the light to travel along the fiber length without escaping. This method of data transmission offers several advantages over traditional electrical transmission methods, including higher bandwidth capabilities, faster speeds, and immunity to electromagnetic interference, making fiber optics a crucial technology for modern communication systems.